COVER INFORMATION Station: HART (Code Hh ) Experiment: The Circumnuclear Region of OH Megamaser Galaxies Exp. Code: EK020C Schedule Version: 1.00 Processed by SCHED version: 6.01 Release: Late March 2005 PI: Hans-Rainer Kloeckner Address: University of Oxford Keble Road,Oxford OX1 3RH United Kingdom Phone: +44 1865 273435 EMAIL: hrk@astro.ox.ac.uk Fax: +44 1865 273390 Phone during observation: +44 1865 273435 Observing mode: OH emission lines Notes: ENTIRE EXPERIMENT START AT UT 23:14 PLEASE MAKE SURE THAT THE >>>>> PHASE CAL SIGNAL IS OFF <<<< OH LINE emission in IF1 at 1609 MHz ARECIBO START AT UT 06:53:00 Schedule for HART (Code Hh ) Page 2 The Circumnuclear Region of OH Megamaser Galaxies UP: D => Below limits; H => Below horizon mask. blank => Up. Early: Seconds between end of slew and start. Dwell: On source seconds. Tapes: Drive, Index, Start footage / Direction, Head Group, End footage. TPStart: Tape motion start time. Frequencies are LO sum (band edge). ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Start UT Source Start / Stop Early Tapes TPStart Stop UT LST EL AZ HA UP ParA Dwell (see above) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --- Wed 8 Jun 2005 Day 159 --- Next scan frequencies: 1604.07 1604.07 1612.07 1612.07 Next BBC frequencies: 114.07 114.07 122.07 122.07 Next scan bandwidths: 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 23 14 00 J2052+1619 18 14 28 32.8 46.7 -2.6 0.0 0 1 1 0 23 14 00 23 22 00 =2050+161 18 22 29 34.1 45.0 -2.5 0.0 480 F 1 0 23 22 00 I20550 18 22 29 32.8 45.4 -2.6 0.0 -28 1 1 0 23 22 00 23 25 00 --- 18 25 30 33.3 44.8 -2.5 0.0 152 F 1 0 23 26 00 J2052+1619 18 26 30 34.7 44.2 -2.4 0.0 31 1 1 0 23 26 00 23 29 00 =2050+161 18 29 31 35.2 43.5 -2.4 0.0 180 F 1 0 23 29 00 I20550 18 29 31 33.9 43.9 -2.5 0.0 -28 1 1 0 23 29 00 23 37 00 --- 18 37 32 35.1 42.1 -2.3 0.0 452 F 1 0 23 38 00 J2052+1619 18 38 32 36.6 41.4 -2.2 0.0 31 1 1 0 23 38 00 23 41 00 =2050+161 18 41 33 37.0 40.7 -2.2 0.0 180 F 1 0 23 41 00 I20550 18 41 33 35.7 41.2 -2.3 0.0 -28 1 1 0 23 41 00 23 49 00 --- 18 49 34 36.9 39.3 -2.1 0.0 452 F 1 0 23 50 00 J2052+1619 18 50 34 38.3 38.5 -2.0 0.0 31 1 1 0 23 50 00 23 53 00 =2050+161 18 53 35 38.7 37.8 -2.0 0.0 180 F 1 0 --- Start: Wed 8 Jun 2005 Day 159 -- Stop: Thu 9 Jun 2005 Day 160 --- 23 53 00 I20550 18 53 35 37.4 38.3 -2.1 0.0 -28 1 1 0 23 53 00 00 01 00 --- 19 01 36 38.5 36.3 -1.9 0.0 452 F 1 0 00 02 00 J2052+1619 19 02 36 40.0 35.4 -1.8 0.0 31 1 1 0 00 02 00 00 05 00 =2050+161 19 05 37 40.3 34.6 -1.8 0.0 180 F 1 0 00 05 00 I20550 19 05 37 39.1 35.3 -1.9 0.0 -28 1 1 0 00 05 00 00 13 00 --- 19 13 38 40.1 33.2 -1.7 0.0 452 F 1 0 00 14 00 J2139+1423 19 14 38 36.5 45.3 -2.4 0.0 13 1 1 0 00 14 00 00 17 00 =2136+141 19 17 39 37.0 44.6 -2.4 0.0 180 F 1 0 00 17 00 J2139+1423 19 17 39 37.0 44.6 -2.4 0.0 -20 1 1 0 00 17 00 00 25 00 =2136+141 19 25 40 38.2 42.7 -2.2 0.0 460 F 1 0 Schedule for HART (Code Hh ) Page 3 The Circumnuclear Region of OH Megamaser Galaxies UP: D => Below limits; H => Below horizon mask. blank => Up. Early: Seconds between end of slew and start. Dwell: On source seconds. Tapes: Drive, Index, Start footage / Direction, Head Group, End footage. TPStart: Tape motion start time. Frequencies are LO sum (band edge). ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Start UT Source Start / Stop Early Tapes TPStart Stop UT LST EL AZ HA UP ParA Dwell (see above) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --- Thu 9 Jun 2005 Day 160 --- 00 26 00 J2052+1619 19 26 40 42.8 28.8 -1.4 0.0 9 1 1 0 00 26 00 00 29 00 =2050+161 19 29 40 43.2 27.9 -1.4 0.0 180 F 1 0 00 29 00 I20550 19 29 40 41.9 28.8 -1.5 0.0 -28 1 1 0 00 29 00 00 37 00 --- 19 37 42 42.8 26.4 -1.3 0.0 452 F 1 0 00 38 00 J2052+1619 19 38 42 44.1 25.2 -1.2 0.0 31 1 1 0 00 38 00 00 41 00 =2050+161 19 41 42 44.3 24.2 -1.2 0.0 180 F 1 0 00 41 00 I20550 19 41 42 43.2 25.2 -1.3 0.0 -28 1 1 0 00 41 00 00 49 00 --- 19 49 44 43.9 22.8 -1.1 0.0 452 F 1 0 00 51 00 J2052+1619 19 51 44 45.2 21.1 -1.0 0.0 90 1 1 0 00 51 00 00 55 00 =2050+161 19 55 45 45.5 19.8 -1.0 0.0 240 F 1 0 00 55 00 I20550 19 55 45 44.4 20.9 -1.0 0.0 -28 1 1 0 00 55 00 01 02 00 --- 20 02 46 44.9 18.7 -0.9 0.0 392 F 1 0 01 03 00 J2052+1619 20 03 46 46.1 17.2 -0.8 0.0 31 1 1 0 01 03 00 01 06 00 =2050+161 20 06 47 46.3 16.1 -0.8 0.0 180 F 1 0 01 06 00 I20550 20 06 47 45.2 17.4 -0.8 0.0 -28 1 1 0 01 06 00 01 14 00 --- 20 14 48 45.7 14.7 -0.7 0.0 452 F 1 0 01 32 00 2134+004 20 32 51 59.2 32.6 -1.1 0.0 1020 1 1 0 01 32 00 01 38 00 --- 20 38 52 59.9 30.0 -1.0 0.0 360 F 1 0 01 39 00 2134+004 20 39 52 60.0 29.6 -1.0 0.0 36 1 1 0 01 39 00 01 46 00 --- 20 46 53 60.8 26.3 -0.8 0.0 420 F 1 0 01 47 00 J2052+1619 20 47 53 47.7 1.8 -0.1 0.0 2 1 1 0 01 47 00 01 51 00 =2050+161 20 51 54 47.8 0.4 0.0 0.0 240 F 1 0 01 52 00 J2052+1619 20 52 54 47.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 36 1 1 0 01 52 00 01 59 00 =2050+161 20 59 55 47.7 357.5 0.1 0.0 420 F 1 0 01 59 00 I20550 20 59 55 47.0 359.2 0.0 0.0 -28 1 1 0 01 59 00 02 03 00 --- 21 03 56 46.9 357.8 0.1 0.0 212 F 1 0 02 04 00 J2052+1619 21 04 56 47.7 355.7 0.2 0.0 31 1 1 0 02 04 00 02 07 00 =2050+161 21 07 57 47.6 354.7 0.2 0.0 180 F 1 0 02 07 00 I20550 21 07 57 46.9 356.4 0.2 0.0 -28 1 1 0 02 07 00 02 15 00 --- 21 15 58 46.7 353.6 0.3 0.0 452 F 1 0 Schedule for HART (Code Hh ) Page 4 The Circumnuclear Region of OH Megamaser Galaxies UP: D => Below limits; H => Below horizon mask. blank => Up. Early: Seconds between end of slew and start. Dwell: On source seconds. Tapes: Drive, Index, Start footage / Direction, Head Group, End footage. TPStart: Tape motion start time. Frequencies are LO sum (band edge). ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Start UT Source Start / Stop Early Tapes TPStart Stop UT LST EL AZ HA UP ParA Dwell (see above) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --- Thu 9 Jun 2005 Day 160 --- 02 16 00 J2052+1619 21 16 58 47.4 351.5 0.4 0.0 31 1 1 0 02 16 00 02 19 00 =2050+161 21 19 59 47.3 350.4 0.4 0.0 180 F 1 0 02 19 00 I20550 21 19 59 46.6 352.2 0.4 0.0 -28 1 1 0 02 19 00 02 27 00 --- 21 28 00 46.3 349.5 0.5 0.0 452 F 1 0 02 28 00 J2052+1619 21 29 00 46.9 347.3 0.6 0.0 31 1 1 0 02 28 00 02 31 00 =2050+161 21 32 01 46.7 346.3 0.7 0.0 180 F 1 0 02 31 00 I20550 21 32 01 46.2 348.1 0.6 0.0 -28 1 1 0 02 31 00 02 39 00 --- 21 40 02 45.7 345.4 0.7 0.0 452 F 1 0 02 40 00 J2052+1619 21 41 02 46.2 343.2 0.8 0.0 31 1 1 0 02 40 00 02 43 00 =2050+161 21 44 03 46.0 342.2 0.9 0.0 180 F 1 0 02 43 00 I20550 21 44 03 45.5 344.1 0.8 0.0 -28 1 1 0 02 43 00 02 51 00 --- 21 52 04 45.0 341.5 0.9 0.0 452 F 1 0 02 53 00 J2139+1423 21 54 04 49.5 354.5 0.2 0.0 73 1 1 0 02 53 00 02 58 00 =2136+141 21 59 05 49.4 352.6 0.3 0.0 300 F 1 0 02 58 00 J2139+1423 21 59 05 49.4 352.6 0.3 0.0 -20 1 1 0 02 58 00 03 03 00 =2136+141 22 04 06 49.2 350.8 0.4 0.0 280 F 1 0 03 04 00 J2052+1619 22 05 06 44.3 335.5 1.2 0.0 9 1 1 0 03 04 00 03 07 00 =2050+161 22 08 06 44.0 334.6 1.3 0.0 180 F 1 0 03 07 00 I20550 22 08 06 43.7 336.4 1.2 0.0 -28 1 1 0 03 07 00 03 15 00 --- 22 16 08 42.9 334.0 1.3 0.0 452 F 1 0 03 16 00 J2052+1619 22 17 08 43.1 331.9 1.4 0.0 31 1 1 0 03 16 00 03 19 00 =2050+161 22 20 08 42.7 331.0 1.5 0.0 180 F 1 0 03 19 00 I20550 22 20 08 42.5 332.8 1.4 0.0 -28 1 1 0 03 19 00 03 27 00 --- 22 28 10 41.7 330.5 1.5 0.0 452 F 1 0 03 28 00 J2052+1619 22 29 10 41.7 328.4 1.6 0.0 31 1 1 0 03 28 00 03 31 00 =2050+161 22 32 10 41.4 327.6 1.7 0.0 180 F 1 0 03 31 00 I20550 22 32 10 41.2 329.4 1.6 0.0 -28 1 1 0 03 31 00 03 39 00 --- 22 40 12 40.3 327.2 1.7 0.0 452 F 1 0 03 40 00 J2052+1619 22 41 12 40.2 325.1 1.8 0.0 31 1 1 0 03 40 00 03 43 00 =2050+161 22 44 12 39.8 324.3 1.9 0.0 180 F 1 0 Schedule for HART (Code Hh ) Page 5 The Circumnuclear Region of OH Megamaser Galaxies UP: D => Below limits; H => Below horizon mask. blank => Up. Early: Seconds between end of slew and start. Dwell: On source seconds. Tapes: Drive, Index, Start footage / Direction, Head Group, End footage. TPStart: Tape motion start time. Frequencies are LO sum (band edge). ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Start UT Source Start / Stop Early Tapes TPStart Stop UT LST EL AZ HA UP ParA Dwell (see above) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --- Thu 9 Jun 2005 Day 160 --- 03 43 00 I20550 22 44 12 39.8 326.1 1.8 0.0 -28 1 1 0 03 43 00 03 51 00 --- 22 52 14 38.7 324.0 1.9 0.0 452 F 1 0 03 52 00 2134+004 22 53 14 57.6 322.4 1.3 0.0 0 1 1 0 03 52 00 03 58 00 --- 22 59 15 56.8 320.1 1.4 0.0 360 F 1 0 03 58 00 2134+004 22 59 15 56.8 320.1 1.4 0.0 -20 1 1 0 03 58 00 04 03 00 --- 23 04 16 56.1 318.2 1.5 0.0 280 F 1 0 04 04 00 J2052+1619 23 05 16 36.9 319.1 2.2 0.0 2 1 1 0 04 04 00 04 07 00 =2050+161 23 08 16 36.5 318.4 2.3 0.0 180 F 1 0 04 07 00 I20550 23 08 16 36.5 320.1 2.2 0.0 -28 1 1 0 04 07 00 04 15 00 --- 23 16 18 35.3 318.2 2.3 0.0 452 F 1 0 04 16 00 J2052+1619 23 17 18 35.1 316.3 2.4 0.0 31 1 1 0 04 16 00 04 19 00 =2050+161 23 20 18 34.6 315.7 2.5 0.0 180 F 1 0 04 19 00 I20550 23 20 18 34.7 317.3 2.4 0.0 -28 1 1 0 04 19 00 04 27 00 --- 23 28 20 33.5 315.6 2.5 0.0 452 F 1 0 04 28 00 J2052+1619 23 29 20 33.2 313.7 2.6 0.0 31 1 1 0 04 28 00 04 31 00 =2050+161 23 32 20 32.7 313.1 2.7 0.0 180 F 1 0 04 31 00 I20550 23 32 20 32.9 314.7 2.6 0.0 -28 1 1 0 04 31 00 04 39 00 --- 23 40 22 31.6 313.0 2.7 0.0 452 F 1 0 04 40 00 J2139+1423 23 41 22 39.9 320.1 2.0 0.0 13 1 1 0 04 40 00 04 43 00 =2136+141 23 44 22 39.5 319.3 2.1 0.0 180 F 1 0 04 43 00 J2139+1423 23 44 22 39.5 319.3 2.1 0.0 -20 1 1 0 04 43 00 04 51 00 =2136+141 23 52 24 38.3 317.4 2.2 0.0 460 F 1 0 04 53 00 J2052+1619 23 54 24 28.9 308.7 3.0 0.0 69 1 1 0 04 53 00 04 56 00 =2050+161 23 57 24 28.4 308.2 3.1 0.0 180 F 1 0 04 56 00 I20550 23 57 24 28.7 309.7 3.0 0.0 -28 1 1 0 04 56 00 05 03 00 --- 00 04 26 27.4 308.4 3.1 0.0 392 F 1 0 05 04 00 J2052+1619 00 05 26 27.0 306.7 3.2 0.0 31 1 1 0 05 04 00 05 07 00 =2050+161 00 08 26 26.4 306.2 3.3 0.0 180 F 1 0 05 07 00 I20550 00 08 26 26.7 307.7 3.2 0.0 -28 1 1 0 05 07 00 05 15 00 --- 00 16 27 25.3 306.3 3.3 0.0 452 F 1 0 Schedule for HART (Code Hh ) Page 6 The Circumnuclear Region of OH Megamaser Galaxies UP: D => Below limits; H => Below horizon mask. blank => Up. Early: Seconds between end of slew and start. Dwell: On source seconds. Tapes: Drive, Index, Start footage / Direction, Head Group, End footage. TPStart: Tape motion start time. Frequencies are LO sum (band edge). ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Start UT Source Start / Stop Early Tapes TPStart Stop UT LST EL AZ HA UP ParA Dwell (see above) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --- Thu 9 Jun 2005 Day 160 --- 05 16 00 J2052+1619 00 17 28 24.8 304.6 3.4 0.0 31 1 1 0 05 16 00 05 19 00 =2050+161 00 20 28 24.2 304.1 3.5 0.0 180 F 1 0 05 19 00 I20550 00 20 28 24.6 305.6 3.4 0.0 -28 1 1 0 05 19 00 05 27 00 --- 00 28 29 23.1 304.3 3.5 0.0 452 F 1 0 05 28 00 J2052+1619 00 29 30 22.5 302.7 3.6 0.0 31 1 1 0 05 28 00 05 31 00 =2050+161 00 32 30 21.9 302.2 3.7 0.0 180 F 1 0 05 31 00 I20550 00 32 30 22.3 303.6 3.6 0.0 -28 1 1 0 05 31 00 05 39 00 --- 00 40 31 20.8 302.4 3.7 0.0 452 F 1 0 05 40 00 J2052+1619 00 41 32 20.2 300.8 3.8 0.0 31 1 1 0 05 40 00 05 43 00 =2050+161 00 44 32 19.6 300.4 3.9 0.0 180 F 1 0 05 43 00 I20550 00 44 32 20.1 301.7 3.8 0.0 -28 1 1 0 05 43 00 05 51 00 --- 00 52 33 18.5 300.5 3.9 0.0 452 F 1 0 05 52 00 J2052+1619 00 53 34 17.9 299.0 4.0 0.0 31 1 1 0 05 52 00 05 55 00 =2050+161 00 56 34 17.3 298.6 4.1 0.0 180 F 1 0 05 55 00 I20550 00 56 34 17.7 300.0 4.0 0.0 -28 1 1 0 05 55 00 06 03 00 --- 01 04 35 16.2 298.8 4.1 0.0 452 F 1 0 06 04 00 J2052+1619 01 05 36 15.5 297.3 4.2 0.0 31 1 1 0 06 04 00 06 07 00 =2050+161 01 08 36 14.9 296.9 4.3 0.0 180 F 1 0 06 07 00 I20550 01 08 36 15.4 298.2 4.2 0.0 -28 1 1 0 06 07 00 06 15 00 --- 01 16 37 13.8 297.2 4.3 0.0 452 F 1 0 06 16 00 J2052+1619 01 17 37 13.1 295.7 4.4 0.0 31 1 1 0 06 16 00 06 19 00 =2050+161 01 20 38 12.5 295.3 4.5 0.0 180 F 1 0 06 19 00 I20550 01 20 38 13.0 296.6 4.4 0.0 -28 1 1 0 06 19 00 06 27 00 --- 01 28 39 11.4 295.6 4.5 0.0 452 F 1 0 06 28 00 J2139+1423 01 29 39 21.0 298.9 3.8 0.0 13 1 1 0 06 28 00 06 31 00 =2136+141 01 32 40 20.4 298.4 3.9 0.0 180 F 1 0 06 31 00 J2139+1423 01 32 40 20.4 298.4 3.9 0.0 -20 1 1 0 06 31 00 06 39 00 =2136+141 01 40 41 18.8 297.2 4.0 0.0 460 F 1 0 06 40 00 2134+004 01 41 41 25.3 284.2 4.1 0.0 6 1 1 0 06 40 00 06 43 00 --- 01 44 42 24.7 283.8 4.1 0.0 180 F 1 0 Schedule for HART (Code Hh ) Page 7 The Circumnuclear Region of OH Megamaser Galaxies UP: D => Below limits; H => Below horizon mask. blank => Up. Early: Seconds between end of slew and start. Dwell: On source seconds. Tapes: Drive, Index, Start footage / Direction, Head Group, End footage. TPStart: Tape motion start time. Frequencies are LO sum (band edge). ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Start UT Source Start / Stop Early Tapes TPStart Stop UT LST EL AZ HA UP ParA Dwell (see above) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --- Thu 9 Jun 2005 Day 160 --- 06 43 00 2134+004 01 44 42 24.7 283.8 4.1 0.0 -20 1 1 0 06 43 00 06 51 00 --- 01 52 43 22.9 282.7 4.3 0.0 460 F 1 0 SETUP FILE INFORMATION: NOTE: If DOPPLER, FREQ, or BW were used, see the individual scans for the final BBC settings. Setup file: IR20550.set Matches group hh18cm_S2 in ./ek020cfreq.dat Values confirmed by E-mail Jonathan Quick 291100 (CR) Setup group: 10 Station: HART Total bit rate: 128 Format: MKIV1:4 Bits per sample: 2 Sample rate: 16.000 Number of channels: 4 Passes/head pos: 1 Speedup factor: 2.00 1st LO= 1490.00 1490.00 1490.00 1490.00 Net SB= U U U U Pol. = RCP LCP RCP LCP BBC = 2 1 4 3 BBC SB= U U U U IF = 2N 1N 2N 1N The following frequency sets based on this setup were used. Frequency Set: 10 Setup file default. No pcal detection. LO sum= 1604.07 1604.07 1612.07 1612.07 BBC fr= 114.07 114.07 122.07 122.07 Bandwd= 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 Track assignments are: track1= 2, 18, 3, 19 barrel=roll_off SOURCE LIST -- The Circumnuclear Region of OH Megamaser Galaxies Catalog positions marked with *. Precession of date coordinates is based on stop time of first scan. Names used in schedule marked with *. Short names used in VLA and SNAP files marked with +. Observation date used in B1950/J2000 coordinate conversion (PRECDATE): 1979.900 No adjustments are made for rates (DRA, DDEC). Scan hours are for recording scans only. Baseline hours are only counted for scans above horizon at both ends. Source Source position (RA/Dec) Error (B1950) (J2000) (Date) (mas) * I20550 20 55 05.299636 * 20 57 24.379200 20 57 39.836208 0.00 16 56 02.38904 * 17 07 39.27980 17 08 41.59580 0.00 From catalog imbedded in main SCHED input file. 5.017 scan hours, 190.473 baseline hours above horizon. J1331+3030 13 28 49.657757 * 13 31 08.288049 13 31 24.168147 0.37 1328+307 30 45 58.64062 * 30 30 32.95926 30 28 58.67397 0.47 * 3C286 /d/soay/hrk/HRKSOFTWAREBOX/SCHED_6.01/catalogs/sources.vlba J1331+30 VLBA Calib Srcs - GSFC sols. - catalog 2004f_astro 0.267 scan hours, 5.978 baseline hours above horizon. * J2052+1619 20 50 24.087797 * 20 52 43.619870 20 52 59.152498 0.45 2050+161 16 08 26.79243 * 16 19 48.82809 16 20 49.74250 0.65 /d/soay/hrk/HRKSOFTWAREBOX/SCHED_6.01/catalogs/sources.vlba VLBA Calib Srcs - GSFC sols. - catalog 2004f_astro 2.333 scan hours, 93.576 baseline hours above horizon. J2136+0041 21 34 05.207392 * 21 36 38.586327 21 36 55.431343 0.30 2134+00 00 28 25.08018 * 00 41 54.21301 00 43 14.03543 0.21 * 2134+004 /d/soay/hrk/HRKSOFTWAREBOX/SCHED_6.01/catalogs/sources.vlba J2136+00 VLBA Calib Srcs - GSFC sols. - catalog 2004f_astro 0.583 scan hours, 19.856 baseline hours above horizon. * J2139+1423 21 36 37.412149 * 21 39 01.309271 21 39 17.052865 0.31 2136+141 14 10 00.62100 * 14 23 35.99215 14 24 52.22959 0.20 J2139+14 /d/soay/hrk/HRKSOFTWAREBOX/SCHED_6.01/catalogs/sources.vlba VLBA Calib Srcs - GSFC sols. - catalog 2004f_astro 1.267 scan hours, 48.557 baseline hours above horizon. The solar corona can cause unstable phases for sources too close to the Sun. SCHED provides warnings at individual scans for distances less than 10 degrees. The distance from the Sun to each source in this schedule is: Source Sun distance (deg) I20550 111.4 3C286 105.2 J2052+1619 112.8 2134+004 111.0 J2139+1423 104.3 Barry Clark estimates from predictions by Ketan Desai of IPM scattering sizes that the Sun will cause amplitude reductions on the longest VLBA baselines at a solar distance of 60deg F^(-0.6) where F is in GHz. For common VLBI bands, this is: 327 MHz 117. deg 610 MHz 81. deg 1.6 GHz 45. deg 2.3 GHz 36. deg 5.0 GHz 23. deg 8.4 GHz 17. deg 15.0 GHz 12. deg 22.0 GHz 9. deg 43.0 GHz 6. deg