COVER INFORMATION Station: ONSALA85 (Code O8 ) Experiment: DBBC firmware test: E-series portion (v105E, v106E) Exp. Code: FR048E Schedule Version: 2.00 Processed by SCHED version: 11.40 Release 11.4. March 14, 2015 PI: campbell Address: JIVE Phone: 0521-596-534 EMAIL: campbell@jive.eu Fax: Phone during observation: Observing mode: Notes: Schedule for ONSALA85 (Code O8 ) Page 2 DBBC firmware test: E-series portion (v105E, v106E) UP: D => Below limits; H => Below horizon mask; W => still slewing at end; blank => Up. Early: Seconds between end of slew and start. Dwell: On source seconds. Disk: GBytes recorded to this point. TPStart: Recording start time. Frequencies are LO sum (band edge). SYNC: Time correlator is expected to sync up. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Start UT Source Start / Stop Early Disk TPStart Stop UT LST EL AZ HA UP ParA Dwell GBytes SYNC ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --- Mon 7 May 2018 Day 127 --- ---------- v105E firmware section ---------- Next scan frequencies: 4830.49 4830.49 4830.49 4830.49 4894.49 4894.49 4894.49 4894.49 4958.49 4958.49 4958.49 4958.49 5022.49 5022.49 5022.49 5022.49 Next BBC frequencies: 730.49 730.49 730.49 730.49 794.49 794.49 794.49 794.49 858.49 858.49 858.49 858.49 922.49 922.49 922.49 922.49 Next scan bandwidths: 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 08 00 00 0234+285 23 48 09 48.9 115.4 -2.8 0.0 0 0 08 00 00 08 03 00 --- 23 51 09 49.3 116.2 -2.8 0.0 180 46 08 00 01 08 06 00 0234+285 23 54 10 49.6 117.1 -2.7 0.0 174 46 08 06 00 08 09 00 --- 23 57 10 50.0 117.9 -2.7 0.0 180 93 08 06 01 08 12 00 0234+285 00 00 11 50.3 118.8 -2.6 0.0 174 93 08 12 00 08 15 00 --- 00 03 11 50.7 119.7 -2.6 0.0 180 139 08 12 01 08 18 00 0234+285 00 06 12 51.1 120.6 -2.5 0.0 174 139 08 18 00 08 21 00 --- 00 09 12 51.4 121.5 -2.5 0.0 180 185 08 18 01 08 24 00 0234+285 00 12 13 51.7 122.4 -2.4 0.0 174 185 08 24 00 08 27 00 --- 00 15 13 52.1 123.3 -2.4 0.0 180 232 08 24 01 08 30 00 0234+285 00 18 14 52.4 124.2 -2.3 0.0 174 232 08 30 00 08 33 00 --- 00 21 14 52.8 125.1 -2.3 0.0 180 278 08 30 01 Next scan frequencies: 4942.49 4942.49 4942.49 4942.49 4974.49 4974.49 4974.49 4974.49 5006.49 5006.49 5006.49 5006.49 5038.49 5038.49 5038.49 5038.49 Next BBC frequencies: 842.49 842.49 842.49 842.49 874.49 874.49 874.49 874.49 906.49 906.49 906.49 906.49 938.49 938.49 938.49 938.49 Next scan bandwidths: 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 08 38 00 0234+285 00 26 15 53.3 126.7 -2.2 0.0 294 278 08 38 00 08 41 00 --- 00 29 16 53.6 127.7 -2.2 0.0 180 301 08 38 25 Schedule for ONSALA85 (Code O8 ) Page 3 DBBC firmware test: E-series portion (v105E, v106E) UP: D => Below limits; H => Below horizon mask; W => still slewing at end; blank => Up. Early: Seconds between end of slew and start. Dwell: On source seconds. Disk: GBytes recorded to this point. TPStart: Recording start time. Frequencies are LO sum (band edge). SYNC: Time correlator is expected to sync up. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Start UT Source Start / Stop Early Disk TPStart Stop UT LST EL AZ HA UP ParA Dwell GBytes SYNC ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --- Mon 7 May 2018 Day 127 --- Next scan frequencies: 4934.49 4934.49 4934.49 4934.49 4950.49 4950.49 4950.49 4950.49 4966.49 4966.49 4966.49 4966.49 4982.49 4982.49 4982.49 4982.49 Next BBC frequencies: 834.49 834.49 834.49 834.49 850.49 850.49 850.49 850.49 866.49 866.49 866.49 866.49 882.49 882.49 882.49 882.49 Next scan bandwidths: 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 08 46 00 0234+285 00 34 16 54.2 129.3 -2.1 0.0 294 301 08 46 00 08 49 00 --- 00 37 17 54.5 130.3 -2.0 0.0 180 313 08 46 25 Next scan frequencies: 4930.49 4930.49 4930.49 4930.49 4938.49 4938.49 4938.49 4938.49 4946.49 4946.49 4946.49 4946.49 4954.49 4954.49 4954.49 4954.49 Next BBC frequencies: 830.49 830.49 830.49 830.49 838.49 838.49 838.49 838.49 846.49 846.49 846.49 846.49 854.49 854.49 854.49 854.49 Next scan bandwidths: 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 08 54 00 0234+285 00 42 18 55.0 132.0 -1.9 0.0 294 313 08 54 00 08 57 00 --- 00 45 18 55.3 133.0 -1.9 0.0 180 319 08 54 25 ---------- last scan of the v105E section; shift to v106E after this one ---------- Next scan frequencies: 4928.49 4928.49 4928.49 4928.49 4932.49 4932.49 4932.49 4932.49 4936.49 4936.49 4936.49 4936.49 4940.49 4940.49 4940.49 4940.49 Next BBC frequencies: 828.49 828.49 828.49 828.49 832.49 832.49 832.49 832.49 836.49 836.49 836.49 836.49 840.49 840.49 840.49 840.49 Next scan bandwidths: 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 09 02 00 0234+285 00 50 19 55.8 134.8 -1.8 0.0 294 319 09 02 00 09 05 00 --- 00 53 20 56.0 135.8 -1.8 0.0 180 322 09 02 25 ---------- v106E firmware section (20-min gap provided) ---------- Next scan frequencies: 4830.49 4830.49 4830.49 4830.49 4894.49 4894.49 4894.49 4894.49 4958.49 4958.49 4958.49 4958.49 5022.49 5022.49 5022.49 5022.49 Next BBC frequencies: 730.49 730.49 730.49 730.49 794.49 794.49 794.49 794.49 858.49 858.49 858.49 858.49 922.49 922.49 922.49 922.49 Next scan bandwidths: 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 09 25 00 0234+285 01 13 23 57.8 143.2 -1.4 0.0 1193 322 09 25 00 09 28 00 --- 01 16 23 58.0 144.3 -1.4 0.0 180 368 09 25 25 09 31 00 0234+285 01 19 24 58.3 145.5 -1.3 0.0 174 368 09 31 00 09 34 00 --- 01 22 24 58.5 146.7 -1.3 0.0 180 414 09 31 01 09 37 00 0234+285 01 25 25 58.7 147.9 -1.2 0.0 174 414 09 37 00 09 40 00 --- 01 28 25 58.9 149.1 -1.2 0.0 180 461 09 37 01 Schedule for ONSALA85 (Code O8 ) Page 4 DBBC firmware test: E-series portion (v105E, v106E) UP: D => Below limits; H => Below horizon mask; W => still slewing at end; blank => Up. Early: Seconds between end of slew and start. Dwell: On source seconds. Disk: GBytes recorded to this point. TPStart: Recording start time. Frequencies are LO sum (band edge). SYNC: Time correlator is expected to sync up. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Start UT Source Start / Stop Early Disk TPStart Stop UT LST EL AZ HA UP ParA Dwell GBytes SYNC ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --- Mon 7 May 2018 Day 127 --- 09 43 00 0234+285 01 31 26 59.1 150.3 -1.1 0.0 174 461 09 43 00 09 46 00 --- 01 34 26 59.3 151.5 -1.1 0.0 180 507 09 43 01 09 49 00 0234+285 01 37 27 59.5 152.8 -1.0 0.0 174 507 09 49 00 09 52 00 --- 01 40 27 59.7 154.0 -1.0 0.0 180 554 09 49 01 09 55 00 0234+285 01 43 28 59.9 155.3 -0.9 0.0 174 554 09 55 00 09 58 00 --- 01 46 28 60.0 156.6 -0.9 0.0 180 600 09 55 01 Next scan frequencies: 4942.49 4942.49 4942.49 4942.49 4974.49 4974.49 4974.49 4974.49 5006.49 5006.49 5006.49 5006.49 5038.49 5038.49 5038.49 5038.49 Next BBC frequencies: 842.49 842.49 842.49 842.49 874.49 874.49 874.49 874.49 906.49 906.49 906.49 906.49 938.49 938.49 938.49 938.49 Next scan bandwidths: 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 10 03 00 0234+285 01 51 29 60.3 158.7 -0.8 0.0 294 600 10 03 00 10 06 00 --- 01 54 30 60.4 160.0 -0.7 0.0 180 623 10 03 25 Next scan frequencies: 4934.49 4934.49 4934.49 4934.49 4950.49 4950.49 4950.49 4950.49 4966.49 4966.49 4966.49 4966.49 4982.49 4982.49 4982.49 4982.49 Next BBC frequencies: 834.49 834.49 834.49 834.49 850.49 850.49 850.49 850.49 866.49 866.49 866.49 866.49 882.49 882.49 882.49 882.49 Next scan bandwidths: 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 10 11 00 0234+285 01 59 30 60.7 162.2 -0.7 0.0 294 623 10 11 00 10 14 00 --- 02 02 31 60.8 163.5 -0.6 0.0 180 635 10 11 25 Next scan frequencies: 4930.49 4930.49 4930.49 4930.49 4938.49 4938.49 4938.49 4938.49 4946.49 4946.49 4946.49 4946.49 4954.49 4954.49 4954.49 4954.49 Next BBC frequencies: 830.49 830.49 830.49 830.49 838.49 838.49 838.49 838.49 846.49 846.49 846.49 846.49 854.49 854.49 854.49 854.49 Next scan bandwidths: 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 10 19 00 0234+285 02 07 32 61.0 165.7 -0.5 0.0 294 635 10 19 00 10 22 00 --- 02 10 32 61.1 167.1 -0.5 0.0 180 641 10 19 25 Schedule for ONSALA85 (Code O8 ) Page 5 DBBC firmware test: E-series portion (v105E, v106E) UP: D => Below limits; H => Below horizon mask; W => still slewing at end; blank => Up. Early: Seconds between end of slew and start. Dwell: On source seconds. Disk: GBytes recorded to this point. TPStart: Recording start time. Frequencies are LO sum (band edge). SYNC: Time correlator is expected to sync up. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Start UT Source Start / Stop Early Disk TPStart Stop UT LST EL AZ HA UP ParA Dwell GBytes SYNC ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --- Mon 7 May 2018 Day 127 --- ---------- last scan of the v106E section; start FR048N after this (v106 firmware) ---------- Next scan frequencies: 4928.49 4928.49 4928.49 4928.49 4932.49 4932.49 4932.49 4932.49 4936.49 4936.49 4936.49 4936.49 4940.49 4940.49 4940.49 4940.49 Next BBC frequencies: 828.49 828.49 828.49 828.49 832.49 832.49 832.49 832.49 836.49 836.49 836.49 836.49 840.49 840.49 840.49 840.49 Next scan bandwidths: 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 10 27 00 0234+285 02 15 33 61.2 169.3 -0.4 0.0 294 641 10 27 00 10 30 00 --- 02 18 34 61.3 170.7 -0.3 0.0 180 643 10 27 25 SETUP FILE INFORMATION: NOTE: If DOPPLER, FREQ, or BW were used, see the individual scans for the final BBC settings. ======== Setup file: sess218.Cfilt32e --- WARNING --- This group does not match an entry in the frequency catalog. This might be ok because the catalog is not complete. But be very careful to be sure that the setup is correct. Setup group: 4 Station: ONSALA85 Total bit rate: 2048 Format: VDIF Bits per sample: 2 Sample rate: 64.000 Number of channels: 16 DBE type: DBBC_DDC Speedup factor: 1.00 Disk used to record data. 1st LO= 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 Net SB= L L U U L L U U L L U U L L U U IF SB = U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U Pol. = RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP BBC = 1 9 1 9 3 11 3 11 5 13 5 13 7 15 7 15 BBC SB= L L U U L L U U L L U U L L U U IF = A1 C1 A1 C1 A1 C1 A1 C1 B1 D1 B1 D1 B1 D1 B1 D1 The following frequency sets based on these setups were used. Frequency Set: 2 Setup file default. Used with PCAL = off LO sum= 4830.49 4830.49 4830.49 4830.49 4894.49 4894.49 4894.49 4894.49 4958.49 4958.49 4958.49 4958.49 5022.49 5022.49 5022.49 5022.49 BBC fr= 730.49 730.49 730.49 730.49 794.49 794.49 794.49 794.49 858.49 858.49 858.49 858.49 922.49 922.49 922.49 922.49 Bandwd= 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 Matching frequency sets: 2 8 Track assignments are: track1= 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 barrel=roll_off ======== Setup file: sess218.Cfilt16e --- WARNING --- This group does not match an entry in the frequency catalog. This might be ok because the catalog is not complete. But be very careful to be sure that the setup is correct. Setup group: 12 Station: ONSALA85 Total bit rate: 1024 Format: VDIF Bits per sample: 2 Sample rate: 32.000 Number of channels: 16 DBE type: DBBC_DDC Speedup factor: 1.00 Disk used to record data. 1st LO= 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 Net SB= L L U U L L U U L L U U L L U U IF SB = U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U Pol. = RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP BBC = 1 9 1 9 3 11 3 11 5 13 5 13 7 15 7 15 BBC SB= L L U U L L U U L L U U L L U U IF = A1 C1 A1 C1 A1 C1 A1 C1 B1 D1 B1 D1 B1 D1 B1 D1 The following frequency sets based on these setups were used. Frequency Set: 10 Setup file default. Used with PCAL = off LO sum= 4942.49 4942.49 4942.49 4942.49 4974.49 4974.49 4974.49 4974.49 5006.49 5006.49 5006.49 5006.49 5038.49 5038.49 5038.49 5038.49 BBC fr= 842.49 842.49 842.49 842.49 874.49 874.49 874.49 874.49 906.49 906.49 906.49 906.49 938.49 938.49 938.49 938.49 Bandwd= 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 Matching frequency sets: 10 16 Track assignments are: track1= 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 barrel=roll_off ======== Setup file: sess218.Cfilt8e --- WARNING --- This group does not match an entry in the frequency catalog. This might be ok because the catalog is not complete. But be very careful to be sure that the setup is correct. Setup group: 20 Station: ONSALA85 Total bit rate: 512 Format: VDIF Bits per sample: 2 Sample rate: 16.000 Number of channels: 16 DBE type: DBBC_DDC Speedup factor: 1.00 Disk used to record data. 1st LO= 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 Net SB= L L U U L L U U L L U U L L U U IF SB = U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U Pol. = RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP BBC = 1 9 1 9 3 11 3 11 5 13 5 13 7 15 7 15 BBC SB= L L U U L L U U L L U U L L U U IF = A1 C1 A1 C1 A1 C1 A1 C1 B1 D1 B1 D1 B1 D1 B1 D1 The following frequency sets based on these setups were used. Frequency Set: 18 Setup file default. Used with PCAL = off LO sum= 4934.49 4934.49 4934.49 4934.49 4950.49 4950.49 4950.49 4950.49 4966.49 4966.49 4966.49 4966.49 4982.49 4982.49 4982.49 4982.49 BBC fr= 834.49 834.49 834.49 834.49 850.49 850.49 850.49 850.49 866.49 866.49 866.49 866.49 882.49 882.49 882.49 882.49 Bandwd= 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 Matching frequency sets: 18 24 Track assignments are: track1= 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 barrel=roll_off ======== Setup file: sess218.Cfilt4e --- WARNING --- This group does not match an entry in the frequency catalog. This might be ok because the catalog is not complete. But be very careful to be sure that the setup is correct. Setup group: 28 Station: ONSALA85 Total bit rate: 256 Format: VDIF Bits per sample: 2 Sample rate: 8.000 Number of channels: 16 DBE type: DBBC_DDC Speedup factor: 1.00 Disk used to record data. 1st LO= 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 Net SB= L L U U L L U U L L U U L L U U IF SB = U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U Pol. = RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP BBC = 1 9 1 9 3 11 3 11 5 13 5 13 7 15 7 15 BBC SB= L L U U L L U U L L U U L L U U IF = A1 C1 A1 C1 A1 C1 A1 C1 B1 D1 B1 D1 B1 D1 B1 D1 The following frequency sets based on these setups were used. Frequency Set: 26 Setup file default. Used with PCAL = off LO sum= 4930.49 4930.49 4930.49 4930.49 4938.49 4938.49 4938.49 4938.49 4946.49 4946.49 4946.49 4946.49 4954.49 4954.49 4954.49 4954.49 BBC fr= 830.49 830.49 830.49 830.49 838.49 838.49 838.49 838.49 846.49 846.49 846.49 846.49 854.49 854.49 854.49 854.49 Bandwd= 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 Matching frequency sets: 26 32 Track assignments are: track1= 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 barrel=roll_off ======== Setup file: sess218.Cfilt2e --- WARNING --- This group does not match an entry in the frequency catalog. This might be ok because the catalog is not complete. But be very careful to be sure that the setup is correct. Setup group: 36 Station: ONSALA85 Total bit rate: 128 Format: VDIF Bits per sample: 2 Sample rate: 4.000 Number of channels: 16 DBE type: DBBC_DDC Speedup factor: 1.00 Disk used to record data. 1st LO= 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 4100.00 Net SB= L L U U L L U U L L U U L L U U IF SB = U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U Pol. = RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP BBC = 1 9 1 9 3 11 3 11 5 13 5 13 7 15 7 15 BBC SB= L L U U L L U U L L U U L L U U IF = A1 C1 A1 C1 A1 C1 A1 C1 B1 D1 B1 D1 B1 D1 B1 D1 The following frequency sets based on these setups were used. Frequency Set: 34 Setup file default. Used with PCAL = off LO sum= 4928.49 4928.49 4928.49 4928.49 4932.49 4932.49 4932.49 4932.49 4936.49 4936.49 4936.49 4936.49 4940.49 4940.49 4940.49 4940.49 BBC fr= 828.49 828.49 828.49 828.49 832.49 832.49 832.49 832.49 836.49 836.49 836.49 836.49 840.49 840.49 840.49 840.49 Bandwd= 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 Matching frequency sets: 34 40 Track assignments are: track1= 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 barrel=roll_off POSITIONS OF SOURCES USED IN RECORDING SCANS Source Source position (RA/Dec) Error (B1950) (J2000) (Date) (mas) * 0234+285 02 34 55.589590 * 02 37 52.405677 02 38 55.107199 0.00 J0237+2848 28 35 11.40776 * 28 48 08.99001 28 52 37.72238 0.00 J0237+28 /home/guest/rmc/SCHED/sched11.4/catalogs/sources.gsfc GSFC 2015a astro solution, unpublished 54650 observations. SOURCE SCAN SUMMARY FOR SOURCES LISTED ABOVE Scan hours are for recording scans only. Baseline hours are only counted for scans above horizon at both ends. Source Setup file Frequency sets Observing hours (duplicates not shown) Scan Baseline 0234+285 sess218.Cfilt32e 1 2 3 4 5 7 0.600 16.800 sess218.Cfilt16e 9 10 11 12 13 15 0.100 2.800 sess218.Cfilt8e 17 18 19 20 21 23 0.100 2.800 sess218.Cfilt4e 25 26 27 28 29 31 0.100 2.800 sess218.Cfilt2e 33 34 35 36 37 39 0.100 2.800 EFFECT OF SOLAR CORONA The solar corona can cause unstable phases for sources too close to the Sun. SCHED provides warnings at individual scans for distances less than 10 degrees. The distance from the Sun to each source in this schedule is: Source Sun distance (deg) 0234+285 12.7 Barry Clark estimates from predictions by Ketan Desai of IPM scattering sizes that the Sun will cause amplitude reductions on the longest VLBA baselines at a solar distance of 60deg F^(-0.6) where F is in GHz. For common VLBI bands, this is: 327 MHz 117. deg 610 MHz 81. deg 1.6 GHz 45. deg 2.3 GHz 36. deg 5.0 GHz 23. deg 8.4 GHz 17. deg 15.0 GHz 12. deg 22.0 GHz 9. deg 43.0 GHz 6. deg