COVER INFORMATION Station: JODRELL2 (Code Jb ) Experiment: J1715+2145 imaging @ L-band Exp. Code: EG103A Schedule Version: 1.00 Processed by SCHED version: 11.50 Development version 11.5. Started Apr. 2 PI: Leonid Gurvits Address: JIVE Oude Hoogeveensedijk 4 7991 PD Dwingeloo The Netherlands Phone: +31-521-596514 EMAIL: lgurvits@jive.eu Fax: Phone during observation: +31-521-596500 Observing mode: Notes: Based on the example n19c1.eMERLIN.key file provided by B. Marcote COVER LETTER: This is the schedule for the 18 cm run EG103A on 26 May 2019 (DOY 146) 14 antennas + MERLIN: Jb2, Wb, Ef, Mc, O8, T6, Ur, Tr, Hh, Sv, Zc, Bd, Ir, Sr, MER A standard L-band setup with 1 Gbps. Thanks! Leonid Gurvits Schedule for JODRELL2 (Code Jb ) Page 2 J1715+2145 imaging @ L-band UP: D => Below limits; H => Below horizon mask; W => still slewing at end; blank => Up. Early: Seconds between end of slew and start. Dwell: On source seconds. Disk: GBytes recorded to this point. TPStart: Recording start time. Frequencies are LO sum (band edge). SYNC: Time correlator is expected to sync up. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Start UT Source Start / Stop Early Disk TPStart Stop UT LST EL AZ HA UP ParA Dwell GBytes SYNC ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --- Sun 26 May 2019 Day 146 --- Next scan frequencies: 1610.49 1610.49 1610.49 1610.49 1642.49 1642.49 1642.49 1642.49 1674.49 1674.49 1674.49 1674.49 1706.49 1706.49 1706.49 1706.49 Next BBC frequencies: 661.51 661.51 661.51 661.51 629.51 629.51 629.51 629.51 597.51 597.51 597.51 597.51 565.51 565.51 565.51 565.51 Next scan bandwidths: 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16 30 00 1156+295 08 36 37 46.0 102.4 -3.4 -42.0 0 0 16 30 00 16 40 00 --- 08 46 38 47.5 104.8 -3.2 -41.5 600 77 16 30 01 16 41 30 3C286 08 48 09 35.0 84.6 -4.7 -43.7 6 77 16 41 30 16 51 30 --- 08 58 10 36.5 86.5 -4.6 -43.8 600 155 16 41 31 18 07 30 J1716+2152 10 14 23 8.5 64.6 -7.0 -35.6 4428 155 18 07 30 18 08 30 =1714+219 10 15 23 8.7 64.8 -7.0 -35.7 60 162 18 07 31 18 09 00 1713+21M 10 15 53 8.8 65.2 -7.0 -35.8 20 162 18 09 00 18 19 00 --- 10 25 55 10.1 67.1 -6.8 -36.4 600 240 18 09 01 18 19 30 1713+21M 10 26 25 10.2 67.2 -6.8 -36.4 26 240 18 19 30 18 29 30 --- 10 36 26 11.6 69.1 -6.7 -37.0 600 317 18 19 31 18 30 00 1713+21M 10 36 56 11.7 69.2 -6.7 -37.0 26 317 18 30 00 18 40 00 --- 10 46 58 13.1 71.1 -6.5 -37.6 600 394 18 30 01 ---------- Calibrator ---------- 18 43 00 1739+522 10 49 59 33.5 45.8 -6.9 -44.4 81 394 18 43 00 18 44 00 --- 10 50 59 33.6 45.9 -6.8 -44.5 60 402 18 43 01 18 47 00 J1716+2152 10 53 59 14.0 72.2 -6.4 -37.9 79 402 18 47 00 18 48 00 =1714+219 10 54 59 14.2 72.3 -6.4 -37.9 60 410 18 47 01 18 48 30 1713+21M 10 55 30 14.3 72.7 -6.3 -38.0 20 410 18 48 30 18 58 30 --- 11 05 31 15.7 74.6 -6.2 -38.4 600 487 18 48 31 18 59 00 1713+21M 11 06 01 15.8 74.7 -6.2 -38.4 26 487 18 59 00 19 09 00 --- 11 16 03 17.2 76.6 -6.0 -38.8 600 564 18 59 01 19 09 30 1713+21M 11 16 33 17.3 76.6 -6.0 -38.8 26 564 19 09 30 19 19 30 --- 11 26 35 18.8 78.5 -5.8 -39.2 600 642 19 09 31 19 20 00 J1716+2152 11 27 05 18.8 78.4 -5.8 -39.2 21 642 19 20 00 19 21 00 =1714+219 11 28 05 19.0 78.6 -5.8 -39.2 60 649 19 20 01 Schedule for JODRELL2 (Code Jb ) Page 3 J1715+2145 imaging @ L-band UP: D => Below limits; H => Below horizon mask; W => still slewing at end; blank => Up. Early: Seconds between end of slew and start. Dwell: On source seconds. Disk: GBytes recorded to this point. TPStart: Recording start time. Frequencies are LO sum (band edge). SYNC: Time correlator is expected to sync up. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Start UT Source Start / Stop Early Disk TPStart Stop UT LST EL AZ HA UP ParA Dwell GBytes SYNC ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --- Sun 26 May 2019 Day 146 --- 19 21 30 1713+21M 11 28 35 19.1 78.9 -5.8 -39.2 20 649 19 21 30 19 31 30 --- 11 38 37 20.6 80.8 -5.6 -39.5 600 727 19 21 31 19 32 00 1713+21M 11 39 07 20.6 80.9 -5.6 -39.5 26 727 19 32 00 19 42 00 --- 11 49 08 22.1 82.9 -5.5 -39.7 600 804 19 32 01 19 42 30 1713+21M 11 49 38 22.2 83.0 -5.4 -39.8 26 804 19 42 30 19 52 30 --- 11 59 40 23.7 84.9 -5.3 -39.9 600 881 19 42 31 19 53 00 J1716+2152 12 00 10 23.7 84.8 -5.3 -40.0 21 881 19 53 00 19 54 00 =1714+219 12 01 10 23.9 85.0 -5.3 -40.0 60 889 19 53 01 19 54 30 1713+21M 12 01 40 24.0 85.3 -5.2 -40.0 20 889 19 54 30 20 04 30 --- 12 11 42 25.5 87.3 -5.1 -40.1 600 966 19 54 31 20 05 00 1713+21M 12 12 12 25.6 87.4 -5.1 -40.1 26 966 20 05 00 20 15 00 --- 12 22 14 27.1 89.3 -4.9 -40.1 600 1043 20 05 01 20 15 30 1713+21M 12 22 44 27.1 89.4 -4.9 -40.1 26 1043 20 15 30 20 25 30 --- 12 32 45 28.6 91.5 -4.7 -40.1 600 1121 20 15 31 20 26 00 J1716+2152 12 33 16 28.7 91.3 -4.7 -40.1 20 1121 20 26 00 20 27 00 =1714+219 12 34 16 28.8 91.5 -4.7 -40.1 60 1128 20 26 01 20 27 30 1713+21M 12 34 46 28.9 91.9 -4.7 -40.1 20 1128 20 27 30 20 37 30 --- 12 44 47 30.4 93.9 -4.5 -40.0 600 1206 20 27 31 20 38 00 1713+21M 12 45 17 30.5 94.0 -4.5 -40.0 26 1206 20 38 00 20 48 00 --- 12 55 19 32.0 96.1 -4.3 -39.8 600 1283 20 38 01 20 48 30 1713+21M 12 55 49 32.1 96.2 -4.3 -39.8 26 1283 20 48 30 20 58 30 --- 13 05 51 33.6 98.3 -4.2 -39.6 600 1360 20 48 31 20 59 00 J1716+2152 13 06 21 33.6 98.2 -4.2 -39.7 20 1360 20 59 00 21 00 00 =1714+219 13 07 21 33.7 98.4 -4.2 -39.6 60 1368 20 59 01 21 00 30 1713+21M 13 07 51 33.9 98.8 -4.1 -39.6 19 1368 21 00 30 21 10 30 --- 13 17 53 35.3 101.0 -4.0 -39.2 600 1445 21 00 31 21 11 00 1713+21M 13 18 23 35.4 101.1 -4.0 -39.2 26 1445 21 11 00 21 21 00 --- 13 28 25 36.9 103.3 -3.8 -38.8 600 1523 21 11 01 21 21 30 1713+21M 13 28 55 36.9 103.4 -3.8 -38.8 26 1523 21 21 30 21 31 30 --- 13 38 56 38.4 105.7 -3.6 -38.3 600 1600 21 21 31 Schedule for JODRELL2 (Code Jb ) Page 4 J1715+2145 imaging @ L-band UP: D => Below limits; H => Below horizon mask; W => still slewing at end; blank => Up. Early: Seconds between end of slew and start. Dwell: On source seconds. Disk: GBytes recorded to this point. TPStart: Recording start time. Frequencies are LO sum (band edge). SYNC: Time correlator is expected to sync up. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Start UT Source Start / Stop Early Disk TPStart Stop UT LST EL AZ HA UP ParA Dwell GBytes SYNC ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --- Sun 26 May 2019 Day 146 --- 21 32 00 J1716+2152 13 39 26 38.4 105.6 -3.6 -38.4 20 1600 21 32 00 21 33 00 =1714+219 13 40 27 38.6 105.8 -3.6 -38.4 60 1608 21 32 01 21 33 30 1713+21M 13 40 57 38.7 106.2 -3.6 -38.2 19 1608 21 33 30 21 43 30 --- 13 50 58 40.1 108.6 -3.4 -37.7 600 1685 21 33 31 21 44 00 1713+21M 13 51 28 40.2 108.7 -3.4 -37.6 26 1685 21 44 00 21 54 00 --- 14 01 30 41.6 111.1 -3.2 -36.9 600 1762 21 44 01 21 54 30 1713+21M 14 02 00 41.7 111.3 -3.2 -36.9 26 1762 21 54 30 22 04 30 --- 14 12 02 43.1 113.8 -3.1 -36.1 600 1840 21 54 31 22 05 00 J1716+2152 14 12 32 43.1 113.6 -3.1 -36.2 20 1840 22 05 00 22 06 00 =1714+219 14 13 32 43.2 113.9 -3.1 -36.1 60 1847 22 05 01 22 06 30 1713+21M 14 14 02 43.3 114.3 -3.0 -36.0 19 1847 22 06 30 22 16 30 --- 14 24 04 44.7 116.9 -2.9 -35.1 600 1925 22 06 31 22 17 00 1713+21M 14 24 34 44.8 117.1 -2.9 -35.0 25 1925 22 17 00 22 27 00 --- 14 34 35 46.1 119.8 -2.7 -34.0 600 2002 22 17 01 22 27 30 1713+21M 14 35 05 46.1 120.0 -2.7 -33.9 25 2002 22 27 30 22 37 30 --- 14 45 07 47.4 122.8 -2.5 -32.8 600 2079 22 27 31 22 38 00 J1716+2152 14 45 37 47.5 122.6 -2.5 -32.9 19 2079 22 38 00 22 39 00 =1714+219 14 46 37 47.6 122.9 -2.5 -32.8 60 2087 22 38 01 22 39 30 1713+21M 14 47 07 47.7 123.4 -2.5 -32.6 18 2087 22 39 30 22 49 30 --- 14 57 09 48.9 126.3 -2.3 -31.3 600 2164 22 39 31 22 50 00 1713+21M 14 57 39 49.0 126.5 -2.3 -31.2 25 2164 22 50 00 23 00 00 --- 15 07 41 50.1 129.6 -2.1 -29.8 600 2241 22 50 01 23 00 30 1713+21M 15 08 11 50.2 129.7 -2.1 -29.7 25 2241 23 00 30 23 10 30 --- 15 18 13 51.3 133.0 -2.0 -28.1 600 2319 23 00 31 ---------- Calibrator ---------- 23 13 30 1739+522 15 21 13 69.0 78.7 -2.3 -73.2 -6 2319 23 13 30 23 14 30 --- 15 22 13 69.1 78.8 -2.3 -73.3 54 2326 23 13 31 23 17 30 J1716+2152 15 25 14 52.1 134.9 -1.9 -27.2 -11 2326 23 17 30 23 18 30 =1714+219 15 26 14 52.2 135.3 -1.8 -27.0 49 2334 23 17 31 Schedule for JODRELL2 (Code Jb ) Page 5 J1715+2145 imaging @ L-band UP: D => Below limits; H => Below horizon mask; W => still slewing at end; blank => Up. Early: Seconds between end of slew and start. Dwell: On source seconds. Disk: GBytes recorded to this point. TPStart: Recording start time. Frequencies are LO sum (band edge). SYNC: Time correlator is expected to sync up. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Start UT Source Start / Stop Early Disk TPStart Stop UT LST EL AZ HA UP ParA Dwell GBytes SYNC ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --- Sun 26 May 2019 Day 146 --- 23 19 00 1713+21M 15 26 44 52.2 135.8 -1.8 -26.7 18 2334 23 19 00 23 29 00 --- 15 36 46 53.3 139.3 -1.7 -24.9 600 2411 23 19 01 23 29 30 1713+21M 15 37 16 53.3 139.5 -1.6 -24.8 25 2411 23 29 30 23 39 30 --- 15 47 17 54.2 143.1 -1.5 -22.8 600 2489 23 29 31 23 40 00 1713+21M 15 47 47 54.3 143.2 -1.5 -22.7 25 2489 23 40 00 23 50 00 --- 15 57 49 55.1 147.0 -1.3 -20.6 600 2566 23 40 01 23 50 30 J1716+2152 15 58 19 55.2 146.8 -1.3 -20.7 19 2566 23 50 30 23 51 30 =1714+219 15 59 19 55.3 147.2 -1.3 -20.5 60 2574 23 50 31 --- Start: Sun 26 May 2019 Day 146 -- Stop: Mon 27 May 2019 Day 147 --- 23 52 00 1713+21M 15 59 49 55.3 147.8 -1.3 -20.1 17 2574 23 52 00 00 02 00 --- 16 09 51 56.1 151.7 -1.1 -17.8 600 2651 23 52 01 00 02 30 1713+21M 16 10 21 56.1 151.9 -1.1 -17.7 25 2651 00 02 30 00 12 30 --- 16 20 23 56.8 155.9 -0.9 -15.3 600 2728 00 02 31 00 13 00 1713+21M 16 20 53 56.8 156.1 -0.9 -15.1 25 2728 00 13 00 00 23 00 --- 16 30 54 57.3 160.3 -0.8 -12.6 600 2806 00 13 01 00 23 30 J1716+2152 16 31 25 57.4 160.1 -0.8 -12.7 19 2806 00 23 30 00 24 30 =1714+219 16 32 25 57.5 160.5 -0.7 -12.4 60 2813 00 23 31 00 25 00 1713+21M 16 32 55 57.4 161.1 -0.7 -12.0 17 2813 00 25 00 00 35 00 --- 16 42 56 57.9 165.4 -0.6 -9.4 600 2891 00 25 01 00 35 30 1713+21M 16 43 27 57.9 165.6 -0.5 -9.2 24 2891 00 35 30 00 45 30 --- 16 53 28 58.2 170.0 -0.4 -6.5 600 2968 00 35 31 00 46 00 1713+21M 16 53 58 58.2 170.2 -0.4 -6.3 24 2968 00 46 00 00 56 00 --- 17 04 00 58.4 174.6 -0.2 -3.5 600 3045 00 46 01 00 56 30 J1716+2152 17 04 30 58.5 174.4 -0.2 -3.6 19 3045 00 56 30 00 57 30 =1714+219 17 05 30 58.5 174.9 -0.2 -3.3 60 3053 00 56 31 00 58 00 1713+21M 17 06 00 58.5 175.5 -0.2 -2.9 17 3053 00 58 00 01 08 00 --- 17 16 02 58.5 179.9 -0.0 -0.0 600 3130 00 58 01 01 08 30 1713+21M 17 16 32 58.5 180.2 0.0 0.1 24 3130 01 08 30 01 18 30 --- 17 26 34 58.4 184.6 0.2 3.0 600 3208 01 08 31 Schedule for JODRELL2 (Code Jb ) Page 6 J1715+2145 imaging @ L-band UP: D => Below limits; H => Below horizon mask; W => still slewing at end; blank => Up. Early: Seconds between end of slew and start. Dwell: On source seconds. Disk: GBytes recorded to this point. TPStart: Recording start time. Frequencies are LO sum (band edge). SYNC: Time correlator is expected to sync up. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Start UT Source Start / Stop Early Disk TPStart Stop UT LST EL AZ HA UP ParA Dwell GBytes SYNC ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --- Mon 27 May 2019 Day 147 --- 01 19 00 1713+21M 17 27 04 58.4 184.8 0.2 3.1 24 3208 01 19 00 01 29 00 --- 17 37 05 58.3 189.3 0.3 6.0 600 3285 01 19 01 01 29 30 J1716+2152 17 37 35 58.4 189.1 0.3 5.9 19 3285 01 29 30 01 30 30 =1714+219 17 38 36 58.3 189.6 0.4 6.2 60 3293 01 29 31 01 31 00 1713+21M 17 39 06 58.2 190.1 0.4 6.5 18 3293 01 31 00 01 41 00 --- 17 49 07 57.9 194.5 0.5 9.3 600 3370 01 31 01 01 41 30 1713+21M 17 49 37 57.9 194.7 0.6 9.4 24 3370 01 41 30 01 51 30 --- 17 59 39 57.4 199.0 0.7 12.1 600 3447 01 41 31 01 52 00 1713+21M 18 00 09 57.4 199.2 0.7 12.2 24 3447 01 52 00 02 02 00 --- 18 10 11 56.9 203.4 0.9 14.8 600 3524 01 52 01 02 02 30 J1716+2152 18 10 41 57.0 203.3 0.9 14.8 20 3524 02 02 30 02 03 30 =1714+219 18 11 41 56.9 203.7 0.9 15.0 60 3532 02 02 31 02 04 00 1713+21M 18 12 11 56.7 204.2 0.9 15.3 18 3532 02 04 00 02 14 00 --- 18 22 13 56.1 208.2 1.1 17.7 600 3610 02 04 01 02 14 30 1713+21M 18 22 43 56.0 208.4 1.1 17.9 25 3610 02 14 30 02 24 30 --- 18 32 44 55.3 212.3 1.3 20.2 600 3687 02 14 31 02 25 00 1713+21M 18 33 14 55.2 212.5 1.3 20.3 25 3687 02 25 00 02 35 00 --- 18 43 16 54.4 216.3 1.5 22.4 600 3764 02 25 01 02 35 30 J1716+2152 18 43 46 54.5 216.2 1.4 22.4 21 3764 02 35 30 02 36 30 =1714+219 18 44 46 54.4 216.6 1.5 22.6 60 3772 02 35 31 02 37 00 1713+21M 18 45 16 54.2 217.0 1.5 22.8 19 3772 02 37 00 02 47 00 --- 18 55 18 53.3 220.6 1.7 24.8 600 3849 02 37 01 02 47 30 1713+21M 18 55 48 53.2 220.8 1.7 24.9 25 3849 02 47 30 02 57 30 --- 19 05 50 52.2 224.3 1.8 26.7 600 3926 02 47 31 SETUP FILE INFORMATION: NOTE: If DOPPLER, FREQ, or BW were used, see the individual scans for the final BBC settings. ======== Setup file: sess219.L1024 --- WARNING --- This group does not match an entry in the frequency catalog. This might be ok because the catalog is not complete. But be very careful to be sure that the setup is correct. Setup group: 6 Station: JODRELL2 Total bit rate: 1024 Format: VDIF Bits per sample: 2 Sample rate: 32.000 Number of channels: 16 DBE type: DBBC_DDC Speedup factor: 1.00 Disk used to record data. 1st LO= 2272.00 2272.00 2272.00 2272.00 2272.00 2272.00 2272.00 2272.00 2272.00 2272.00 2272.00 2272.00 2272.00 2272.00 2272.00 2272.00 Net SB= L L U U L L U U L L U U L L U U IF SB = L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L Pol. = RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP BBC = 1 9 1 9 2 10 2 10 3 11 3 11 4 12 4 12 BBC SB= U U L L U U L L U U L L U U L L IF = A2 B2 A2 B2 A2 B2 A2 B2 A2 B2 A2 B2 A2 B2 A2 B2 The following frequency sets based on these setups were used. Frequency Set: 1 Setup file default. Used with PCAL = off LO sum= 1610.49 1610.49 1610.49 1610.49 1642.49 1642.49 1642.49 1642.49 1674.49 1674.49 1674.49 1674.49 1706.49 1706.49 1706.49 1706.49 BBC fr= 661.51 661.51 661.51 661.51 629.51 629.51 629.51 629.51 597.51 597.51 597.51 597.51 565.51 565.51 565.51 565.51 Bandwd= 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 Matching frequency sets: 1 Track assignments are: track1= 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 barrel=roll_off POSITIONS OF SOURCES USED IN RECORDING SCANS Source Source position (RA/Dec) Error (B1950) (J2000) (Date) (mas) * 1713+21M 17 13 12.457730 * 17 15 20.063100 17 16 10.071508 0.00 21 49 14.88987 * 21 45 56.33400 21 44 41.52988 0.00 From catalog imbedded in main SCHED input file. mid-point between the two targets * 1156+295 11 56 57.786211 * 11 59 31.833912 12 00 30.922588 0.00 J1159+2914 29 31 25.73880 * 29 14 43.82690 29 08 27.72524 0.00 J1159+29 /home/guest/rmc/SCHED/sched11.5/catalogs/sources.gsfc GSFC 2016a X/S astro solution, 78215 observations. * 3C286 13 28 49.657769 * 13 31 08.288061 13 32 02.062635 0.17 J1331+3030 30 45 58.64066 * 30 30 32.95930 30 24 46.35244 0.16 1328+307 /home/guest/rmc/SCHED/sched11.5/catalogs/sources.gsfc J1331+30 GSFC 2016a X/S astro solution, 269 observations. 1714+219 17 14 03.743305 * 17 16 11.190717 17 17 01.138863 0.11 * J1716+2152 21 55 28.56442 * 21 52 13.66744 21 51 00.22723 0.16 J1716+21 /home/guest/rmc/SCHED/sched11.5/catalogs/sources.gsfc GSFC 2016a X/S astro solution, 136 observations. * 1739+522 17 39 29.003554 * 17 40 36.977851 17 41 04.903791 0.19 J1740+5211 52 13 10.43847 * 52 11 43.40742 52 11 07.66853 0.15 J1740+52 /home/guest/rmc/SCHED/sched11.5/catalogs/sources.gsfc GSFC 2016a X/S astro solution, 215623 observations. SOURCE SCAN SUMMARY FOR SOURCES LISTED ABOVE Scan hours are for recording scans only. Baseline hours are only counted for scans above horizon at both ends. Source Setup file Frequency sets Observing hours (duplicates not shown) Scan Baseline 1713+21M sess219.L1024 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 12 13 14 + 8.833 1237.500 1156+295 sess219.L1024 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 12 13 14 + 0.167 28.500 3C286 sess219.L1024 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 12 13 14 + 0.167 28.495 J1716+2152 sess219.L1024 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 12 13 14 + 0.300 41.519 1739+522 sess219.L1024 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 13 14 15 0.033 4.025 EFFECT OF SOLAR CORONA The solar corona can cause unstable phases for sources too close to the Sun. SCHED provides warnings at individual scans for distances less than 10 degrees. The distance from the Sun to each source in this schedule is: Source Sun distance (deg) 1713+21M 134.4 1156+295 100.9 3C286 115.4 J1716+2152 134.3 1739+522 104.2 Barry Clark estimates from predictions by Ketan Desai of IPM scattering sizes that the Sun will cause amplitude reductions on the longest VLBA baselines at a solar distance of 60deg F^(-0.6) where F is in GHz. For common VLBI bands, this is: 327 MHz 117. deg 610 MHz 81. deg 1.6 GHz 45. deg 2.3 GHz 36. deg 5.0 GHz 23. deg 8.4 GHz 17. deg 15.0 GHz 12. deg 22.0 GHz 9. deg 43.0 GHz 6. deg