COVER INFORMATION Station: HART (Code Hh ) Experiment: X band NME+FTP-FT Experiment Exp. Code: N13X4 Schedule Version: 1.00 Processed by SCHED version: 10.20 Release of about July 12, 2012 PI: Gabriele SURCIS Address: JIVE Postbus 2 7990 AA Dwingeloo The Netherlands Phone: +31-521-596508 EMAIL: surcis@jive.nl Fax: Phone during observation: +31-521-596508 Observing mode: 512-8-2 Notes: 8 x 16 MHz, 2 bit sampling Check antenna pointing, Please Two FTP-FT scan scheduled. COVER LETTER: This is the schedule for the 3.6 NME and ftp fringe-test on 04 November 2013 involving 12 antennas: Eb Wb On20 Mc Nt Ys Sv Zc Bd Ur Sh Hh (+Md). The schedule consists of long integrations on strong calibrators like J1751+0939 and J1850+2825 as well as phase-referencing parts with a continuum source as target. Two ftp-fringe tests are scheduled throughout the experiment: ~10:40 (scan 2, 2 sec, J1751+0939) ~13:22 (scan 67, 2 sec, J1850+2825) Please make sure that the autoftp is set up correctly. Thanks! Good luck with the session! Gabriele Schedule for HART (Code Hh ) Page 2 X band NME+FTP-FT Experiment UP: D => Below limits; H => Below horizon mask; W => still slewing at end; blank => Up. Early: Seconds between end of slew and start. Dwell: On source seconds. Disk: GBytes recorded to this point. TPStart: Recording start time. Frequencies are LO sum (band edge). SYNC: Time correlator is expected to sync up. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Start UT Source Start / Stop Early Disk TPStart Stop UT LST EL AZ HA UP ParA Dwell GBytes SYNC ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --- Mon 4 Nov 2013 Day 308 --- Next scan frequencies: 8391.49 8391.49 8391.49 8391.49 8407.49 8407.49 8407.49 8407.49 8423.49 8423.49 8423.49 8423.49 8439.49 8439.49 8439.49 8439.49 Next BBC frequencies: 311.49 311.49 311.49 311.49 327.49 327.49 327.49 327.49 343.49 343.49 343.49 343.49 359.49 359.49 359.49 359.49 Next scan bandwidths: 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 10 30 00 J1751+0939 15 16 04 38.0 52.0 -2.6 0.0 0 0 10 30 00 10 35 00 =1749+096 15 21 05 38.9 50.9 -2.5 0.0 300 19 10 30 01 10 36 00 J1751+0939 15 22 05 39.1 50.7 -2.5 0.0 39 19 10 36 00 10 41 00 =1749+096 15 27 06 39.9 49.5 -2.4 0.0 300 39 10 36 01 10 42 00 J1751+0939 15 28 06 40.1 49.3 -2.4 0.0 39 39 10 42 00 10 47 00 =1749+096 15 33 07 40.9 48.1 -2.3 0.0 300 58 10 42 01 10 49 00 J1925+2106 15 35 07 16.8 55.6 -3.9 0.0 46 58 10 49 00 10 51 00 =1923+210 15 37 08 17.2 55.3 -3.8 0.0 120 66 10 49 01 10 51 00 J1925+2106 15 37 08 17.2 55.3 -3.8 0.0 -20 66 No stop 10 53 00 =1923+210 15 39 08 17.5 55.0 -3.8 0.0 100 74 10 51 01 10 54 00 J1931+2243 15 40 08 15.7 54.3 -3.9 0.0 30 74 10 54 00 10 55 30 =1929+226 15 41 38 16.0 54.1 -3.8 0.0 90 79 10 54 01 10 55 30 J1925+2106 15 41 38 18.0 54.6 -3.7 0.0 -30 79 No stop 10 57 30 =1923+210 15 43 39 18.4 54.3 -3.7 0.0 90 87 10 55 31 10 58 30 J1931+2243 15 44 39 16.5 53.6 -3.8 0.0 30 87 10 58 30 11 00 00 =1929+226 15 46 09 16.8 53.4 -3.8 0.0 90 93 10 58 31 11 00 00 J1925+2106 15 46 09 18.8 53.9 -3.7 0.0 -30 93 No stop 11 02 00 =1923+210 15 48 09 19.2 53.6 -3.6 0.0 90 101 11 00 01 11 03 00 J1931+2243 15 49 10 17.4 53.0 -3.7 0.0 30 101 11 03 00 11 04 30 =1929+226 15 50 40 17.6 52.7 -3.7 0.0 90 106 11 03 01 11 04 30 J1925+2106 15 50 40 19.6 53.2 -3.6 0.0 -30 106 No stop 11 06 30 =1923+210 15 52 40 20.0 52.9 -3.6 0.0 90 114 11 04 31 11 07 30 J1931+2243 15 53 40 18.2 52.3 -3.6 0.0 30 114 11 07 30 11 09 00 =1929+226 15 55 11 18.4 52.0 -3.6 0.0 90 120 11 07 31 11 09 00 J1925+2106 15 55 11 20.4 52.5 -3.5 0.0 -30 120 No stop 11 11 00 =1923+210 15 57 11 20.8 52.2 -3.5 0.0 90 128 11 09 01 Schedule for HART (Code Hh ) Page 3 X band NME+FTP-FT Experiment UP: D => Below limits; H => Below horizon mask; W => still slewing at end; blank => Up. Early: Seconds between end of slew and start. Dwell: On source seconds. Disk: GBytes recorded to this point. TPStart: Recording start time. Frequencies are LO sum (band edge). SYNC: Time correlator is expected to sync up. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Start UT Source Start / Stop Early Disk TPStart Stop UT LST EL AZ HA UP ParA Dwell GBytes SYNC ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --- Mon 4 Nov 2013 Day 308 --- 11 12 00 J1931+2243 15 58 11 19.0 51.6 -3.6 0.0 30 128 11 12 00 11 13 30 =1929+226 15 59 41 19.2 51.3 -3.5 0.0 90 134 11 12 01 11 13 30 J1925+2106 15 59 41 21.2 51.8 -3.4 0.0 -30 134 No stop 11 15 30 =1923+210 16 01 42 21.6 51.4 -3.4 0.0 90 141 11 13 31 11 16 30 J1931+2243 16 02 42 19.8 50.9 -3.5 0.0 30 141 11 16 30 11 18 00 =1929+226 16 04 12 20.0 50.6 -3.5 0.0 90 147 11 16 31 11 18 00 J1925+2106 16 04 12 22.0 51.0 -3.4 0.0 -30 147 No stop 11 20 00 =1923+210 16 06 12 22.4 50.7 -3.3 0.0 90 155 11 18 01 11 21 00 J1931+2243 16 07 13 20.5 50.1 -3.4 0.0 30 155 11 21 00 11 22 30 =1929+226 16 08 43 20.8 49.9 -3.4 0.0 90 161 11 21 01 11 22 30 J1925+2106 16 08 43 22.8 50.3 -3.3 0.0 -30 161 No stop 11 24 30 =1923+210 16 10 43 23.2 49.9 -3.3 0.0 90 168 11 22 31 11 25 30 J1931+2243 16 11 43 21.3 49.4 -3.3 0.0 30 168 11 25 30 11 27 00 =1929+226 16 13 14 21.6 49.1 -3.3 0.0 90 174 11 25 31 11 27 00 J1925+2106 16 13 14 23.6 49.5 -3.2 0.0 -30 174 No stop 11 29 00 =1923+210 16 15 14 23.9 49.2 -3.2 0.0 90 182 11 27 01 11 30 00 J1931+2243 16 16 14 22.1 48.6 -3.3 0.0 30 182 11 30 00 11 31 30 =1929+226 16 17 44 22.3 48.4 -3.2 0.0 90 188 11 30 01 11 31 30 J1925+2106 16 17 44 24.4 48.7 -3.1 0.0 -30 188 No stop 11 33 30 =1923+210 16 19 45 24.7 48.4 -3.1 0.0 90 195 11 31 31 11 34 30 J1931+2243 16 20 45 22.8 47.9 -3.2 0.0 30 195 11 34 30 11 36 00 =1929+226 16 22 15 23.1 47.6 -3.2 0.0 90 201 11 34 31 11 36 00 J1925+2106 16 22 15 25.1 47.9 -3.1 0.0 -30 201 No stop 11 38 00 =1923+210 16 24 15 25.5 47.5 -3.0 0.0 90 209 11 36 01 11 39 00 J1931+2243 16 25 16 23.6 47.1 -3.1 0.0 30 209 11 39 00 11 40 30 =1929+226 16 26 46 23.8 46.8 -3.1 0.0 90 215 11 39 01 11 40 30 J1925+2106 16 26 46 25.9 47.1 -3.0 0.0 -30 215 No stop 11 42 30 =1923+210 16 28 46 26.2 46.7 -3.0 0.0 90 223 11 40 31 11 43 30 J1931+2243 16 29 46 24.3 46.3 -3.0 0.0 30 223 11 43 30 11 45 00 =1929+226 16 31 17 24.6 46.0 -3.0 0.0 90 228 11 43 31 Schedule for HART (Code Hh ) Page 4 X band NME+FTP-FT Experiment UP: D => Below limits; H => Below horizon mask; W => still slewing at end; blank => Up. Early: Seconds between end of slew and start. Dwell: On source seconds. Disk: GBytes recorded to this point. TPStart: Recording start time. Frequencies are LO sum (band edge). SYNC: Time correlator is expected to sync up. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Start UT Source Start / Stop Early Disk TPStart Stop UT LST EL AZ HA UP ParA Dwell GBytes SYNC ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --- Mon 4 Nov 2013 Day 308 --- 11 45 00 J1925+2106 16 31 17 26.6 46.3 -2.9 0.0 -30 228 No stop 11 47 00 =1923+210 16 33 17 26.9 45.9 -2.9 0.0 90 236 11 45 01 11 48 00 J1931+2243 16 34 17 25.1 45.4 -3.0 0.0 30 236 11 48 00 11 49 30 =1929+226 16 35 47 25.3 45.2 -2.9 0.0 90 242 11 48 01 11 49 30 J1925+2106 16 35 47 27.3 45.4 -2.8 0.0 -30 242 No stop 11 51 30 =1923+210 16 37 48 27.7 45.0 -2.8 0.0 90 250 11 49 31 11 52 30 J1931+2243 16 38 48 25.8 44.6 -2.9 0.0 30 250 11 52 30 11 54 00 =1929+226 16 40 18 26.0 44.3 -2.9 0.0 90 255 11 52 31 11 54 00 J1925+2106 16 40 18 28.1 44.5 -2.8 0.0 -30 255 No stop 11 56 00 =1923+210 16 42 18 28.4 44.1 -2.7 0.0 90 263 11 54 01 11 57 00 J1931+2243 16 43 18 26.5 43.8 -2.8 0.0 30 263 11 57 00 11 58 30 =1929+226 16 44 49 26.7 43.5 -2.8 0.0 90 269 11 57 01 11 58 30 J1925+2106 16 44 49 28.8 43.6 -2.7 0.0 -30 269 No stop 12 00 30 =1923+210 16 46 49 29.1 43.2 -2.7 0.0 90 277 11 58 31 12 01 30 J1931+2243 16 47 49 27.2 42.9 -2.7 0.0 30 277 12 01 30 12 03 00 =1929+226 16 49 19 27.4 42.6 -2.7 0.0 90 283 12 01 31 12 03 00 J1925+2106 16 49 19 29.5 42.7 -2.6 0.0 -30 283 No stop 12 05 00 =1923+210 16 51 20 29.8 42.3 -2.6 0.0 90 290 12 03 01 12 06 00 J1931+2243 16 52 20 27.9 42.0 -2.7 0.0 30 290 12 06 00 12 07 30 =1929+226 16 53 50 28.1 41.7 -2.6 0.0 90 296 12 06 01 12 07 30 J1925+2106 16 53 50 30.1 41.8 -2.5 0.0 -30 296 No stop 12 09 30 =1923+210 16 55 51 30.4 41.4 -2.5 0.0 90 304 12 07 31 12 10 30 J1931+2243 16 56 51 28.5 41.1 -2.6 0.0 30 304 12 10 30 12 12 00 =1929+226 16 58 21 28.8 40.8 -2.6 0.0 90 310 12 10 31 12 12 00 J1925+2106 16 58 21 30.8 40.9 -2.5 0.0 -30 310 No stop 12 14 00 =1923+210 17 00 21 31.1 40.5 -2.4 0.0 90 317 12 12 01 12 15 00 J1931+2243 17 01 21 29.2 40.2 -2.5 0.0 30 317 12 15 00 12 16 30 =1929+226 17 02 52 29.4 39.9 -2.5 0.0 90 323 12 15 01 12 16 30 J1925+2106 17 02 52 31.5 39.9 -2.4 0.0 -30 323 No stop 12 18 30 =1923+210 17 04 52 31.8 39.5 -2.4 0.0 90 331 12 16 31 Schedule for HART (Code Hh ) Page 5 X band NME+FTP-FT Experiment UP: D => Below limits; H => Below horizon mask; W => still slewing at end; blank => Up. Early: Seconds between end of slew and start. Dwell: On source seconds. Disk: GBytes recorded to this point. TPStart: Recording start time. Frequencies are LO sum (band edge). SYNC: Time correlator is expected to sync up. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Start UT Source Start / Stop Early Disk TPStart Stop UT LST EL AZ HA UP ParA Dwell GBytes SYNC ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --- Mon 4 Nov 2013 Day 308 --- 12 19 30 J1931+2243 17 05 52 29.8 39.3 -2.4 0.0 30 331 12 19 30 12 21 00 =1929+226 17 07 22 30.1 38.9 -2.4 0.0 90 337 12 19 31 12 21 00 J1925+2106 17 07 22 32.1 38.9 -2.3 0.0 -30 337 No stop 12 23 00 =1923+210 17 09 23 32.4 38.5 -2.3 0.0 90 344 12 21 01 12 24 00 J1931+2243 17 10 23 30.5 38.3 -2.4 0.0 30 344 12 24 00 12 25 30 =1929+226 17 11 53 30.7 38.0 -2.3 0.0 90 350 12 24 01 12 25 30 J1925+2106 17 11 53 32.7 37.9 -2.2 0.0 -30 350 No stop 12 27 30 =1923+210 17 13 54 33.0 37.5 -2.2 0.0 90 358 12 25 31 12 28 30 J1931+2243 17 14 54 31.1 37.3 -2.3 0.0 30 358 12 28 30 12 30 00 =1929+226 17 16 24 31.3 37.0 -2.3 0.0 90 364 12 28 31 12 30 00 J1925+2106 17 16 24 33.4 36.9 -2.2 0.0 -30 364 No stop 12 32 00 =1923+210 17 18 24 33.6 36.5 -2.1 0.0 90 372 12 30 01 12 33 00 J1931+2243 17 19 24 31.7 36.4 -2.2 0.0 30 372 12 33 00 12 34 30 =1929+226 17 20 55 31.9 36.0 -2.2 0.0 90 377 12 33 01 12 34 30 J1925+2106 17 20 55 34.0 35.9 -2.1 0.0 -30 377 No stop 12 36 30 =1923+210 17 22 55 34.2 35.4 -2.1 0.0 90 385 12 34 31 12 37 30 J1931+2243 17 23 55 32.3 35.3 -2.1 0.0 30 385 12 37 30 12 39 00 =1929+226 17 25 25 32.5 35.0 -2.1 0.0 90 391 12 37 31 12 39 00 J1925+2106 17 25 25 34.5 34.8 -2.0 0.0 -30 391 No stop 12 41 00 =1923+210 17 27 26 34.8 34.4 -2.0 0.0 90 399 12 39 01 12 42 00 J1931+2243 17 28 26 32.9 34.3 -2.1 0.0 30 399 12 42 00 12 43 30 =1929+226 17 29 56 33.1 34.0 -2.0 0.0 90 404 12 42 01 12 43 30 J1925+2106 17 29 56 35.1 33.8 -1.9 0.0 -30 404 No stop 12 45 30 =1923+210 17 31 56 35.4 33.3 -1.9 0.0 90 412 12 43 31 12 46 30 J1931+2243 17 32 57 33.4 33.3 -2.0 0.0 30 412 12 46 30 12 48 00 =1929+226 17 34 27 33.6 32.9 -2.0 0.0 90 418 12 46 31 12 48 00 J1925+2106 17 34 27 35.7 32.7 -1.9 0.0 -30 418 No stop 12 50 00 =1923+210 17 36 27 35.9 32.2 -1.8 0.0 90 426 12 48 01 12 51 00 J1931+2243 17 37 27 34.0 32.2 -1.9 0.0 30 426 12 51 00 12 52 30 =1929+226 17 38 58 34.2 31.9 -1.9 0.0 90 432 12 51 01 Schedule for HART (Code Hh ) Page 6 X band NME+FTP-FT Experiment UP: D => Below limits; H => Below horizon mask; W => still slewing at end; blank => Up. Early: Seconds between end of slew and start. Dwell: On source seconds. Disk: GBytes recorded to this point. TPStart: Recording start time. Frequencies are LO sum (band edge). SYNC: Time correlator is expected to sync up. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Start UT Source Start / Stop Early Disk TPStart Stop UT LST EL AZ HA UP ParA Dwell GBytes SYNC ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --- Mon 4 Nov 2013 Day 308 --- 12 52 30 J1925+2106 17 38 58 36.2 31.5 -1.8 0.0 -30 432 No stop 12 54 30 =1923+210 17 40 58 36.4 31.0 -1.8 0.0 90 439 12 52 31 12 55 30 J1931+2243 17 41 58 34.5 31.1 -1.8 0.0 30 439 12 55 30 12 57 00 =1929+226 17 43 28 34.7 30.8 -1.8 0.0 90 445 12 55 31 12 57 00 J1925+2106 17 43 28 36.7 30.4 -1.7 0.0 -30 445 No stop 12 59 00 =1923+210 17 45 29 37.0 29.9 -1.7 0.0 90 453 12 57 01 13 00 00 J1931+2243 17 46 29 35.0 30.0 -1.8 0.0 30 453 13 00 00 13 01 30 =1929+226 17 47 59 35.2 29.7 -1.7 0.0 90 459 13 00 01 13 01 30 J1925+2106 17 47 59 37.2 29.3 -1.6 0.0 -30 459 No stop 13 03 30 =1923+210 17 49 59 37.5 28.7 -1.6 0.0 90 466 13 01 31 13 04 30 J1931+2243 17 51 00 35.5 28.9 -1.7 0.0 30 466 13 04 30 13 06 00 =1929+226 17 52 30 35.7 28.5 -1.7 0.0 90 472 13 04 31 13 07 00 J1925+2106 17 53 30 37.8 27.8 -1.6 0.0 30 472 13 07 00 13 09 00 =1923+210 17 55 30 38.0 27.3 -1.5 0.0 120 480 13 07 01 13 11 00 J1850+2825 17 57 31 34.2 14.2 -0.9 0.0 75 480 13 11 00 13 17 00 =1848+283 18 03 32 34.5 12.7 -0.8 0.0 360 503 13 11 01 13 18 00 J1850+2825 18 04 32 34.5 12.4 -0.8 0.0 39 503 13 18 00 13 23 00 =1848+283 18 09 33 34.8 11.1 -0.7 0.0 300 523 13 18 01 13 24 00 J1850+2825 18 10 33 34.8 10.8 -0.7 0.0 39 523 13 24 00 13 30 00 =1848+283 18 16 34 35.0 9.3 -0.6 0.0 360 546 13 24 01 SETUP FILE INFORMATION: NOTE: If DOPPLER, FREQ, or BW were used, see the individual scans for the final BBC settings. ======== Setup file: sess313.X512 --- WARNING --- This group does not match an entry in the frequency catalog. This might be ok because the catalog is not complete. But be very careful to be sure that the setup is correct. Setup group: 11 Station: HART Total bit rate: 512 Format: MARK5B Bits per sample: 2 Sample rate: 16.000 Number of channels: 16 DBE type: Speedup factor: 1.00 Disk used to record data. 1st LO= 8080.00 8080.00 8080.00 8080.00 8080.00 8080.00 8080.00 8080.00 8080.00 8080.00 8080.00 8080.00 8080.00 8080.00 8080.00 8080.00 Net SB= L L U U L L U U L L U U L L U U Pol. = RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP RCP LCP BBC = 1 5 1 5 2 6 2 6 3 7 3 7 4 8 4 8 BBC SB= L L U U L L U U L L U U L L U U IF = A1 B1 A1 B1 A1 B1 A1 B1 A1 B1 A1 B1 A1 B1 A1 B1 The following frequency sets based on these setups were used. Frequency Set: 12 Setup file default. LO sum= 8391.49 8391.49 8391.49 8391.49 8407.49 8407.49 8407.49 8407.49 8423.49 8423.49 8423.49 8423.49 8439.49 8439.49 8439.49 8439.49 BBC fr= 311.49 311.49 311.49 311.49 327.49 327.49 327.49 327.49 343.49 343.49 343.49 343.49 359.49 359.49 359.49 359.49 Bandwd= 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 Matching frequency sets: 12 Track assignments are: track1= 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32 barrel=roll_off SOURCES USED IN RECORDING SCANS -- X band NME+FTP-FT Experiment Catalog positions marked with *. Precession of date coordinates is based on stop time of first scan. Names used in schedule marked with *. Short names used in VLA and SNAP files marked with +. Observation date used in B1950/J2000 coordinate conversion (PRECDATE): 1979.900 No adjustments are made for rates (DRA, DDEC). Scan hours are for recording scans only. Baseline hours are only counted for scans above horizon at both ends. Source Source position (RA/Dec) Error (B1950) (J2000) (Date) (mas) * J1751+0939 17 49 10.387929 * 17 51 32.818572 17 52 11.762260 0.10 1749+096 09 39 42.82574 * 09 39 00.72829 09 39 06.27166 0.10 J1751+09 /aps3/sched10.2/catalogs/sources.vlba rfc_2012b Petrov, 2012, unpublished 133560 observations 0.250 scan and 19.500 baseline hours in setup: sess313.X512 Frequency sets (dups not shown): 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 10 11 12 13 * J1850+2825 18 48 29.069767 * 18 50 27.589825 18 51 00.058301 0.16 1848+283 28 21 38.48500 * 28 25 13.15523 28 26 35.21469 0.19 J1850+28 /aps3/sched10.2/catalogs/sources.vlba rfc_2012b Petrov, 2012, unpublished 71 observations 0.283 scan and 22.100 baseline hours in setup: sess313.X512 Frequency sets (dups not shown): 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 10 11 12 13 * J1925+2106 19 23 49.792391 * 19 25 59.605354 19 26 35.488565 0.11 1923+210 21 00 23.30482 * 21 06 26.16190 21 08 28.42838 0.10 J1925+21 /aps3/sched10.2/catalogs/sources.vlba rfc_2012b Petrov, 2012, unpublished 32646 observations 1.067 scan and 70.050 baseline hours in setup: sess313.X512 Frequency sets (dups not shown): 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 10 11 12 13 * J1931+2243 19 29 16.894885 * 19 31 24.916779 19 32 00.333106 0.11 1929+226 22 37 06.35047 * 22 43 31.25849 22 45 40.08861 0.10 J1931+22 /aps3/sched10.2/catalogs/sources.vlba rfc_2012b Petrov, 2012, unpublished 3020 observations 0.750 scan and 58.500 baseline hours in setup: sess313.X512 Frequency sets (dups not shown): 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 10 11 12 13 The solar corona can cause unstable phases for sources too close to the Sun. SCHED provides warnings at individual scans for distances less than 10 degrees. The distance from the Sun to each source in this schedule is: Source Sun distance (deg) J1751+0939 54.0 J1850+2825 75.1 J1925+2106 79.4 J1931+2243 81.2 Barry Clark estimates from predictions by Ketan Desai of IPM scattering sizes that the Sun will cause amplitude reductions on the longest VLBA baselines at a solar distance of 60deg F^(-0.6) where F is in GHz. For common VLBI bands, this is: 327 MHz 117. deg 610 MHz 81. deg 1.6 GHz 45. deg 2.3 GHz 36. deg 5.0 GHz 23. deg 8.4 GHz 17. deg 15.0 GHz 12. deg 22.0 GHz 9. deg 43.0 GHz 6. deg